This is a reposting of an essay I wrote back in 2014. I feel as strongly now about it as I did then, in fact, I often share this concept when counseling parents. With slight revisions, here is the post…
Somehow, most of grew up with the idea that when it to disciplining our kids, we must implement immediate consequences. Except in the case of toddlers, I totally disagree.
The concept of immediate consequences corresponds to the behavior modification approach taught in psychology. Ivan Pavlov effectively learned to train dogs this way, using immediate consequences and rewards as part of his classical conditioning. But think about children’s brains are vastly different from those of dogs! Kids are capable of reflecting on the past, anticipating what may happen in the future, and utilizing reason–things that dogs just can’t do. With kids, immediate consequences are counter-productive.
Let’s say your kid…
- draws in marker on his bedroom wall.
- or throws something in anger and breaks your TV.
- or comes in a half hour late from curfew.
- or has alcohol on his breath.
Here are four reasons why immediate consequences would create additional negative consequences.
- First of all, we’d be implementing a consequence at a time when we’re likely red-hot with anger. The chances of us thinking objectively at this point is remote. We might be unreasonably harsh or we might impulsively implement a punishment that would be counter-productive.
- If we would be visibly steamed while implementing the consequence, the child would perceive that the consequence was motivated by vengeance rather than reasonableness, concern, and care. His perception of you will be “Son, you just made us really mad, so now we’re going to do something to make you really mad.” Such a perception will divert the kid’s attention away from the actual problem (his behavior), to a something else (the hot-headedness of his parent.) He will likely scapegoat you, rather than take responsibility for his actions.
- We’d be putting a consequence in place at a time when our kids are also angry, worked up, or dealing with their own feeling of guilt. In such a condition, they wouldn’t be able to listen well, think objectively, or articulate well, so it would be pointless to enact a consequence at that moment. Once everyone had calmed down they would be better able to ascertain what went wrong and how to make things right.
- Lastly, we’d be having to make a quick, impulsive, knee-jerk, on-the-fly reaction to the misbehavior. There would be no time to slow down and understand what actually went wrong and contemplate what response might the most constructive. There would be no time to consult with other sources of parental wisdom.
All of this leads to the solution: Immediate Acknowledgement with Delayed Consequences.
The formula is simple:
- Acknowledge that some unacceptable behavior just occurred.
- Buy yourself some time by informing the child that a consequence is coming, but that you’ll need time to think about what consequence would be best.
Here are some examples of how this might sound.
“Billy, the way you just spoke to me felt very disrespectful and I’m not ok with that. Something needs to be done about this and I’m going to take some time to figure out what to do about it. I’ll talk to your dad as well as some others and get their input and when we’ve reached my decision we’ll get back to you. But try not to worry about it.”
“Sally, the damage you caused my car by your irresponsibility is going to need fixing. I’m pretty angry right now, but I’m going give myself some time to cool off and talk to some other parents and then I will figure out what would be a fair way to respond. I’ll get back to you. But try not to worry about it.”
“Jane, you told us you’d be home at 11 pm and it’s now 12:15 when you’re walking in the door. We’ve been frightened and scared for the past hour and we’re honestly pretty steamed right now. It’s enough for us to say that we’ll be giving thought to what the consequences for this should be and we’ll get back to you. I’m glad you’re safe and I love you, but let’s all go to bed and we’ll talk about this tomorrow. ”
MY STORY.
My favorite illustration of the value of “Immediate Acknowledgement with a Delayed Consequence” happened when I was a youth pastor. One night during youth group, I was informed of the misbehavior of a couple of students who had been caught sneaking away from the group. I pulled them aside afterward, and explained how their behavior was entirely unacceptable, but that I was unsure how best to respond. There would be a consequence, I told them, but I needed to think if over to make sure it was fair. I told them I’d get back to them as soon as I figured out what to do. A day or so later, I got a beautiful FB message from one of the kids, sincerely apologizing what what they put me through and explaining that they had talked together about their misbehavior and wanted me to know of their commitment for it to never happen again. They humbly expressed how they had learned their lesson.
Wow!
As the example above shows, delaying the consequences gives the kids time to wrestle with their behavior and sometimes, they end up solving the problem themselves! In this case, the kids really didn’t need any discipline at all– their apology mended our strained relationship and their commitment to change showed how they had grown from the incident.
- The unexpected blessing of delayed consequences is this: during the time-lapse between the acknowledgement and consequence, sometimes the kids do some thinking on their own and take responsibility to solve their own problem.
AN ALTERNATE ENDING TO MY STORY.
Imagine how different things would have been if I had imposed an immediate consequence on those high school kids:
Hot-Headed Mark: I’m so furious with you two! Shame on you! You embarrassed me by sneaking off and misbehaving during youth group. I expected more from you two. You’ve broken my trust and that’s going to be really hard to regain. I’m going to teach you a lesson you’ll never forget: you’re both grounded from youth group for a month and watch it when you come back–I’ll be watching you!
What would their reaction be? “That Mark Forstrom is such a jerk! He’s so judgmental. He doesn’t care about us. He only cares about himself and his precious reputation. Fine, he can go ahead and ground us from his stupid youth group. We don’t want to come anymore anyway! ”
Case made!
So unless you have a dog or a toddler, let’s be careful to avoid immediate consequences and implement delayed consequences instead.